Daily Current Affairs – 22-11-2025
National News
“New Labour Era Begins: Four Comprehensive Labour Codes Implemented by Centre”
இந்திய தொழிலாளர் துறையில் வரலாற்றுச் சிறப்புமிக்க மாற்றமாக, நான்கு தொழிலாளர் சட்டங்கள் வெள்ளிக்கிழமை (நவம்பர் 21) முதல் அமலுக்கு வந்துள்ளதாக மத்திய அரசு அறிவித்துள்ளது.
முன்னதாக நடைமுறையில் இருந்த 29 தொழிலாளர் சட்டங்கள் மறுசீரமைக்கப்பட்டு, அவை தற்போது நான்கு முக்கிய சட்டங்களாக — தொழில் துறை தொடர்பு விதி (2019), சமூகப் பாதுகாப்பு விதி (2020), மற்றும் பணிப்பாதுகாப்பு, சுகாதாரம் மற்றும் பணிச்சூழல் விதி (2020) என ஒருங்கிணைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன.
முதன்முறையாக, உணவு விநியோகத்துறையைச் சேர்ந்தவர்கள், ‘பிளாட்ஃபார்ம் தொழிலாளர்கள்’ மற்றும் ‘அக்ரிகேட்டர்’ இணை சேவை வழங்குபவர்கள் போன்ற தற்காலிக தொழிலாளர்களும் இந்த சட்டங்களின் வரம்புக்குள் சேர்க்கப்பட்டுள்ளனர்.
மத்திய தொழிலாளர் அமைச்சர் மன்சுக் மாண்டவியா தலைமையில் நடைபெற்ற மாநாட்டில், 1930–1950களுக்கிடையில் உருவான பழைய தொழிலாளர் சட்டங்கள் தற்போதைய பணிச்சூழலுக்கு பொருந்தாதவை எனவும், அதனை நவீன தேவைகளுக்கேற்றவாறு புதுப்பித்ததாகவும் அவர் தெரிவித்துள்ளார்.
40 கோடி தொழிலாளர்களுக்கு சமூகப் பாதுகாப்பு
இந்த சட்டங்கள் மூலம் நாடு முழுவதும் சுமார் 40 கோடி தொழிலாளர்கள் சமூகப் பாதுகாப்பு நலன்களைப் பெறுவார்கள் என மாண்டவியா குறிப்பிட்டார். இது வெறும் சட்ட மாற்றமல்ல; தொழிலாளர்கள் தங்கள் திறமையை மேம்படுத்தவும், ஒரே குடையின் கீழ் சமூகப் பாதுகாப்பு வசதியை அனுபவிக்கவும் உதவும் எனவும் கூறினார்.
முக்கிய அம்சங்கள்
அனைத்து தொழிலாளர்களுக்கும் பணி நியமன ஆணை வழங்குவது கட்டாயம்.
ஊதியம் மாதத்தின் 7-ஆம் தேதிக்குள் வழங்கப்பட வேண்டும்.
அதிக நேர பணிக்கு இருமடங்கு ஊதியம் வழங்கப்பட வேண்டும்.
ஒப்பந்த தொழிலாளர்களுக்கும் நிரந்தர ஊழியர்களுக்கு நிகரான மருத்துவ மற்றும் சமூகப் பாதுகாப்பு சலுகைகள் வழங்கப்படும்.
40 வயதுக்கு மேற்பட்ட தொழிலாளர்களுக்கு வருடாந்திர இலவச மருத்துவ பரிசோதனை.
பெண்களுக்கு இரவு நேர பணியில் பாதுகாப்பு உறுதி செய்யப்படும்.
மின்னணு ஊடக பத்திரிகையாளர்கள், பயிற்சி நிலைய பணியாளர்கள் உள்ளிட்ட ஒழுங்கற்ற துறைகளில் பணிபுரிபவர்களுக்கும் சமூக நலன்கள் வழங்கப்படும்.
இந்தச் சட்டங்கள் இந்திய தொழிலாளர் துறைக்கு புதிய யுகத்தை ஆரம்பிக்கின்றன என மத்திய அரசு தெரிவித்துள்ளது.
Government Plans to Unify Security Regulations for 250 Seaports
The Union Government has decided to designate the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) as the security regulator for over 250 seaports across India to strengthen coastal security. A “sovereign entity” will take charge of security at private ports, ensuring a uniform security framework nationwide. Initially, 80 ports that handle export and import goods will be regulated by the CISF, overseeing access control, cargo screening, and seafront patrolling. The CISF, which already secures 13 major ports, will gradually extend coverage to the remaining 170 ports in a phase-wise manner. The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, on November 18, 2025, issued an order designating CISF as the Recognised Security Organisation under the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code. Around 800–1,000 CISF personnel will be deployed per port, and the CISF has sought approval from the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) to recruit 10,000 additional personnel. The initiative follows recommendations from a Joint Committee of CISF and the Directorate General of Shipping, formed in 2024, which conducted a comprehensive study on port security and suggested remedial measures. The model proposes that core security functions at export-import ports will be managed by CISF, while non-core functions may be handled by State Police or private agencies.
Tamil Film Amaran to Open Indian Panorama Section at IFFI 2025
The Tamil biographical war-action film Amaran, starring Sivakarthikeyan and Sai Pallavi, has been selected as the opening film of the Indian Panorama section at the 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) held in Goa. The film is produced by Kamal Haasan and R. Mahendran, directed by Rajkumar Periasamy, and is based on the book "India’s Most Fearless: True Stories of Modern Military Heroes" authored by Shiv Aroor and Rahul Singh. The film depicts the 2014 Qazipathri Operation and portrays the bravery and sacrifice of Major Mukund Varadarajan. Amaran has also been nominated for the Golden Peacock Award in the International Competition category alongside the Malayalam film Sarkeer and the Marathi film Gondhal. The movie, produced under the banner of Raaj Kamal Films International, was released on October 31, 2024, and became a blockbuster success.
Justice Surya Kant to Become the 51st Chief Justice of India
Justice Surya Kant will assume office as the 51st Chief Justice of India (CJI) on November 24, 2025, succeeding the current incumbent. He will hold the position until February 9, 2027. The swearing-in ceremony will be attended by the Chief Justices and judges from Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Malaysia, Mauritius, and Nepal, marking the first time that such a large number of foreign judicial dignitaries will participate in the oath-taking ceremony of an Indian Chief Justice. The event will take place at the Supreme Court of India, New Delhi.
Chief Justice of India
The Chief Justice of India (CJI) is the head of the judiciary and the Supreme Court of India.
The appointment of the Chief Justice is made under Article 124(2) of the Indian Constitution by the President of India.
The tenure of a Supreme Court judge, including the CJI, lasts until the age of 65 years.
The first Chief Justice of India was Justice H. J. Kania, who assumed office on January 26, 1950.
The longest-serving Chief Justice of India was Justice Y. V. Chandrachud, who served for 7 years and 4 months (from February 22, 1978 to July 11, 1985).
The shortest-serving Chief Justice was Justice Kamal Narain Singh, who served for only 17 days (from November 25 to December 12, 1991).
The first woman Chief Justice of India was Justice M. Fathima Beevi, who was appointed as the first woman judge of the Supreme Court in 1989 but India has not yet had a woman CJI.
The next in line, Justice Surya Kant, will become the 51st Chief Justice of India on November 24, 2025, and will serve until February 9, 2027.
Economy News
RBI and ECB Agree to Begin UPI–TIPS Integration Phase
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and NPCI International Payments Ltd. (NIPL), in collaboration with the European Central Bank (ECB), have agreed to initiate the realisation phase of the UPI–TIPS linkage. The initiative aims to connect India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI) with the TARGET Instant Payment Settlement (TIPS) system operated by the Eurosystem. This integration will enable cross-border instant payments and remittances between India and the Euro Area, benefiting users in both jurisdictions. The linkage marks a key step toward enhancing digital payment connectivity and financial cooperation between RBI and ECB.
International News
Prime Minister Modi Meets Australian PM to Discuss Bilateral Cooperation
Prime Minister Narendra Modi met Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese in Johannesburg, South Africa, during his visit to attend the G-20 Leaders’ Summit 2025. Both leaders reviewed the progress of cooperation in areas including defence and security, critical minerals, trade, investment, and people-to-people relations. The meeting also marked five years of the India–Australia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, with both sides expressing satisfaction over its strengthening and diversification. External Affairs Ministry Spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal confirmed the discussions through an official statement. Prime Minister Modi is expected to participate in all three main sessions of the G-20 Summit, themed “Solidarity, Equality, and Sustainability”, and will also attend the IBSA Summit, a trilateral forum involving India, Brazil, and South Africa.
Tamil Nadu News
MTC Launches ‘Bus First’ Campaign in Chennai
The Metropolitan Transport Corporation (MTC) has launched the ‘Bus First’ campaign in Chennai to promote priority for buses and improve public transport usage. The campaign was inaugurated by Deputy Chief Minister Udhayanidhi Stalin. It aims to raise awareness among motorists about giving priority to MTC buses for better traffic flow and sustainable urban mobility.
The initiative is being implemented in collaboration with the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) and the Greater Chennai Traffic Police to encourage respect for public transport and ensure buses get right of way on roads. As part of the campaign, cricketer Thirush Kamini has been appointed as the brand ambassador, and an awareness video on giving way to buses has been released. The MTC plans to build public confidence in bus transport and promote behavioral change among private vehicle users to support a more efficient and eco-friendly transport system.
Sports News
Shaurya Saini Wins Silver at Tokyo Deaflympics
In the Deaflympics 2025 shooting competition held in Tokyo, Japan, India won its 12th medal. In the Men’s 50m Rifle 3 Positions event, Shaurya Saini secured the silver medal with 450.6 points, while another Indian shooter, Kushagra Singh Rajawat, finished 6th with 408.8 points. Germany’s Matthias Erik won the gold medal with a world record score of 459.8, and Ukraine’s Pyditro Petrocsen won the bronze medal with 439.3 points. Earlier, in the qualification round, Shaurya Saini set a world record of 584 points to enter the finals as the top qualifier, and Kushagra Singh Rajawat entered as the 6th qualifier with 575 points. With this, India’s shooting team has won 4 gold, 5 silver, and 3 bronze medals in the event, and including the gold in golf, India now holds 13 medals in total, ranking 6th in the overall medal tally.